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Showing posts with label article. Show all posts
Showing posts with label article. Show all posts

Sunday, 29 November 2020

Frankenstein and the rise of Artificial Intelligence



We consider ourselves fashionably behind the times, after all bookpo.st is about reading books someone else has read first. So it is fitting that this post is about a novel that celebrated its 200th anniversary in 2018, Mary Shelly's Frankenstein.

Or rather it is not about Mary Shelly's Frankenstein, but other people's. I came across a blog post on the feminist implications of the original Frankenstein — "'A female, equal companion': Frankenstein and Shelley’s Feminist Advocacy" by The Literary Pen — which coincided with two of the books on the current reading list. 

Jeanette Winterson's "Frankissstein" and "Sex Robots & Vegan Meat" by Jenny Kleeman. The first is a novel simultaneously updating the Frankenstein trope to the AI age, whilst reexamining Mary Shelly's place as a woman writer in a competitive male circle (I'm not going to call Shelley and Byron macho). The second is non fiction  looking at the emerging robotic, and soon artificial intelligence, sex dolls (there's vegan meat too but for our purposes it's the sex dolls  we're interested in).

They are a perfect companion read. In fact at least once I had to remind myself that a subject wasn't a character from the other book so intwined are the fiction and fact. It occurs to me that the revival of Frankenstein is a perfect metaphor for our fear of AI, as Godzilla was for the nuclear cold war, zombies for global consumerism, and vampires for arrival of AIDs. We chose a monster for our times. Or, before anyone objects, in the case of Frankenstein, we chose a creature for our times.

In my to-be-read pile is "Frankenstein in Baghdad" by Ahmed Saadawi, a dark comedy using the assembled body as a metaphor for the madness of war. There has been  recent spate of books examining AI replicants, or gynoids — the slightly creepy term adopted by female sex doll enthusiasts — including Ian McEwan's "Machines like us" which use consciousness-aware robots as a device for examining what it is to be human. What particularly interests  me about "Frankissstein" is Winterson's marrying of the clinical threat from AI systems to the flesh bound paradigm of the man-made creature. Unlike vampires it appears mankind is actually trying to bring about the creation of one of it's monster myths.

Like the recent feminist reversals of Maleficent, I wonder how long it is until we see a story of the female sex doll as protagonist, not a means of destruction. 

What this little mediation doesn't imply is "Frankissstein" is very funny. It is.

A tip of the hat to Louisa Hall for "Speak: A Novel" which also riffs on feminism and AI dolls, but does consider the robot as an equal character.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gynoid
https://frankenreads.org/

Sunday, 22 November 2020

Harry Potter in the real world



The World of Harry Potter. Not the theme park, but the way characters from the books have entered into the real world, applying to a non Harry Potter phenomena. So rather than calling someone a muggle, and then having to explain the word and where it came from, someone might use the name without having read the books and its origin.

I'm referring to Voldemorting, which Macmillan Dictionary has listed on it's open dictionary in a submission by Kerry Maxwell (United Kingdom 02/09/2019) as:

deliberately avoiding the use of a particular name or key word on social media

Voldemorting is anti SEO, because it is based on deforming keywords with metaphors and comparisons, so that search engines do not find that content.

The word was first described by by Emily van der Nagel, a social media academic and whose PhD covered pseudoanonymity, and a lecturer at Monash University in Australia. She credits coinage of the term itself to a 2013 discussion forum comment by user Eugene. 

The character Voldemort in the books is so feared that his name can not be said and he is referred to as ‘He Who Must Not Be Named’. The term can be used as a noun, for example 'Cheeto' for a certain orange politician and reality tv star is a Voldemort. An example that perfectly shows why someone might want to rant about a personality without raising their hashtag or internet trending popularity.

Emily van der Nagel is interviewed by Mediaverse about the tactic at https://mediaverse.com.au/voldemorting-social-media-trend/

All good things come in threes, the adage states. I'm currently reading "Because Internet: understanding how language is changing" by Gretchen McCulloch. It's fascinating and recommended for anyone who loves words. So far the book hasn't mentioned Voldemorting but she has covered it in a column for Wired https://www.wired.com/story/voldemorting-ultimate-seo-diss-resident-linguist/.

That tenuous link makes two. Which leaves the third.

Catalonians celebrate Christmas much like other Christian countries — presents, a special meal, nativity scenes. Except... well... except that, along with a manger, three kings, the baby Jesus, Joseph and Mary, perhaps the odd donkey, Catalonians add an extra figure.

This figure is usually hidden in a corner of the barn. He is known as “El Caganer” and is not in the Bible as far as I know. Google translate won't help you with this one, but a good translation would be... um, the defecator. I am tempted to say I sh** you not.

Yes, for this little chap in his traditional red hat has his breeches at half mast, and is crouching over an oversized pile of his own poo. Really.

What has this got to do with Harry Potter you say? Well the tradition of the figure dates back 300 years, a more recent addition to it has been the creation of "guest" caganers. Being featured is apparently a sign of honour if you're Catalonian. Much like being on The Simpsons or Extras (incidentally Thomas Pynchon has been on the Simpsons twice, which coincidentally is the number of known photos of him as an adult, so a visual Voldemort? https://www.theatlantic.com/culture/archive/2013/06/thomas-pynchon-back-new-york/313257/).

This year, as you've probably guessed, Harry Potter makes an appearance. Well, not exactly how you would expect. Not the star himself, not a range of characters, and no, not Voldemort either. The family firm of Caganer.com (https://www.caganer.com/en/info/who-we-are-4) have created a Hermione Granger. Just Hermione. Shitting herself.

See for yourself https://www.caganer.com/en/hermione-harry-potter-1102/295, and more on scatological Catalonian Christmas traditions https://www.dailynews.com/2014/12/16/in-spain-pooping-ceramic-figures-of-famous-people-are-a-thing-really/

Image courtesy of our very own beta tester Poppy who we felt deserved an early Christmas present. Voldy courtesy of https://www.flickr.com/photos/pagedooley/2783375829/sizes/l/


Gretchen McCulloch
Because Internet

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Sunday, 27 September 2020

Octavia E. Butler


 


Octavia E. Butler

(c) Patti Perret/The Huntington Library, Art Collections and Botanical Gardens
(c) Patti Perret/The Huntington Library, Art Collections and Botanical Gardens


This post should start with with Octavia E. Butler. But it doesn't. Because I had never heard of her until last week, and I should have.

Like a lot of people I'm watching HBO's latest series "Lovecraft Country" and thoroughly enjoying it. Having long had an appreciation of Lovecraft inspired horror tropes, and as a fan of Jordan Peele, it ticks many boxes.

If you're not watching here's the gist: it's a sci-fi horror series set in 50s America confronting racial themes. Or it's a series exploring America's current racial crisis using 50's sci-fi horror conventions. There's a sort of anti-Easter egg in there as well as H.P. Lovecraft himself was a notorious racist. Something that's been overlooked quite happily in the recent revival of his work. The films “Mandy” and “A colour from outer space” both featuring Nicolas cage for example. Lovecraftian films isn't the tangent I want to go off on, but if you veer that way, see lovecraftzine.com/movies/mikes-recommended-lovecraftian-movies.

So, Lovecraft County. The series is televised from Matt Ruff's novel of the same name. Matt Ruff is white. The second most asked question I saw on Reddit and similar boards when the series was first announced, after "is it any good?" was "can a white person write about race?". I'm white and don't know enough  about the realities to have an opinion, my interest was mainly for the giant squid monsters.

In a Venn diagram with HBO's Watchmen series there is a strong overlap — sci-fi and racial themes in an alternative history modern day America. Lovecraft Country has tentacles, Watchmen has capes.

The sci-fi TV series Watchmen about racism in an alternative history America is written by Damon Lindelof, a white person but only a third of the co-writers are white males. We digress...

The "can/should a white person write drama about racism" moral debate is an echo of the very same question Ben H. Winters's "Underground Airlines" — novel about a black bounty hunter hunting escaped slaves in an alternative history modern day America — raised. Ben H. Winters is white. So white he looks a bit like Buddy Holly.

The internet furore about his book is really about a review and nothing he actually wrote. The NY Times said “This is a white writer going after questions of what it’s like to be black in America. It’s a fearless thing to do.” Given he's a white male and already a popular (and talented) author he's in no real danger of harming his career or income. 

To recap, as they say in the shows, Lovecraft Country is set in an alternative history 50s where contemporary hip-hop is played, and speculative fiction conceits exist. It's been added to the recent media storms about white people using sci-fi to discuss racism in America.

All good. But the strange thing is in all of this no-one mentioned Octavia E. Butler. 

Why should her name have been dropped you might wonder. Between 1970 and 2000 she wrote a series of novels exploring racial issues, miscegenation, and slavery, using sci-fi, time travel and aliens as the vehicle for exploration for feminist and multicultural possibilities. She is credited with being a founder of Afrofuturism (again I didn't hear her name during the celebrations for the release of the Black Panther film).

She's acknowledged — when you find an article about her — as one of the greats, but in all these crusades about white male writing about racial identity and structural racism her name hasn't been brought up, when she wrote the blueprint. History repeating itself? It's not that she isn't acknowledged, she's won a fistful of awards, it's that she's not promoted. I've never seen her in the book pile at Waterstones as I have Asimov, Dick et al.

I'm a nerdy data geek and speculative fiction fan so clicking clicks deep into off-piste territory is what I like to do. If I hadn't I wouldn't have discovered Octavia E. Butler. 

And as far as I'm concerned if Jordan Peele made Lovecraft Country into a TV series then Matt Ruff got it right.

Postscript: I bought my squeeze Octavia E. Butler's "Lilith's Brood" two days a go and I discovered this morning she had got up in the middle of the night to finish it and is already deep in the second book of the trilogy. I purchased for myself Butler's "Kindred", Matt Ruff's "Bad Monkeys", and Ben H. Winters's "The last policeman" and "Underground Airlines".

Octavia E. Butler
Kindred

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Octavia E. Butler
Dawn, Llith's Brood #1

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Matt Ruff
Lovecraft Country

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Ben H. Winters
Underground Airlines

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Ben H. Winters
the Last Policeman

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